This report provides comparisons of U.S. and Japanese science resources and some initial evidence that Japan is expanding the human and financial resources for science while improving the environment for basic research. The data cover science and technology trends in research and development from 1975 to 1994, as well as more recent changes in…

Examines the impact of innovative entrepreneurship and the needs of developing and transitional economies. Outlines the operation of the European Commission's Business and Innovation Centres. Suggests that innovation must be viewed as a major issue in all enterprises and that greater recognition be given to the role of innovative small and…

U.S. research institutions are undergoing significant changes from patterns established in the decade following World War II. Declining undergraduate enrollments are predicted to lead to "steady-state" universities; federal policy is emphasizing industry-university research cooperation and calling for a decreased federal role in the…

Japan became a member of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 20 years ago. The two decades of Japan's partnership with this organization are reviewed. Economic, technological, industrial, and social aspects are considered. (JN)

In a transition economy, Estonia is taking a systematic approach to research and development and technology transfer through two programs: a science park for incubation of small enterprises and a technical university innovation center. (SK)

Outlines the program "Language Arts in the Primary School" which was developed by the National Institute for Curriculum Development in the Netherlands. Focuses on three areas of that project: (1) the school and its language education; (2) the projects research activities; and (3) the school's curriculum. (BR)

Uses three hermeneutical or quasi-hermeneutical studies in career development to illustrate important dimensions of this type of research. Discusses collecting, recording, and analyzing research material and presenting the interpretative framework. Addresses issues of subjectivity, reliability, validity, accessibility, feasibility, and…

Outlines origins and evolution of family interaction research and argues that such research suffered from insufficient integration of implications of clinical viewpoint of family systems theory into research procedure. Describes experimental method for evaluating public verifiability of complex clinical notions. (Author/NB)

Proposes and illustrates criteria for the conduct of cognitive-mediational therapeutic research as part of larger proposal for multifaceted inquiry into therapeutic events and effects. Explores implications of proposal for relationship between scientific theory and professional practice in counseling psychology. (Author/NB)

Examines nature of career problems, drawing out common features that pervade any particular instance. On basis of commonality, proposes common standard for career counseling theory, research, and practice. Notes that significance of identifying common standard is that field is so diverse in theory and practice that there appears to be little basis…

The British Teaching Company Scheme (TCS) stimulates university-industry partnerships in innovative projects. The growing importance of small and medium-sized enterprises has necessitated some changes to help small businesses supervise interns, support multiple internships, manage projects, and disseminate innovations. (SK)

These highlights are based on mail responses to a National Science Foundation (NSF) inquiry to its Industrial Panel of Science and Technology, and interviews with other research and development (R&D) officials. Although it is not intended to be a statistically valid sample of R&D firms, NSF's Industrial Panel includes representatives from all…

Examines the gap between American and Soviet science, tracing the gap to overcentralization, an aversion to risk, and emphasis on theory at the expense of application. Indicates that Soviet leaders are aware of some of the problems but that barriers to reform remain strong and prospects for real change are limited. (JN)

An engineering design group in Australia collaborates with industry partners through a staged liaison model that includes short-term undergraduate projects and longer-term product design and development opportunities that may include training for industry clients. (Author/SK)

A research network called the European Institute of Technology will be created by major European technology companies. The institute will seek to encourage greater collaboration among academic and industrial researchers in Europe by financing research in fields relevant to long-term needs of sponsoring companies. (MLW)