Describes assumptions that link scientific and personal theorizing. Outlines research program to refine and test such assumptions in context of counseling. Argues that research into the scientific and personal theories of researchers of counseling and personal theories of counselors and clients of counseling may answer questions about relationship…

Defines and discusses two constructs of complexity and balance in the context of traditional counseling theory as well as in the multicultural context. Identifies and discusses 20 examples of observable and potentially measurable counselor behaviors indicating complexity and balance. Discusses implications of cultural differences for defining good…

Promotes understanding of the philosophical systems that undergird models of counseling, and the implications of those systems for actions in counseling. Traces the development of 18 major counseling models and speculates on how these models and philosophies began. Considers how philosophies within models can influence mental health counseling…

Demonstrates the relevance of the values ordering framework of Kluckhohn and Strodbeck to counseling theory and practice. Examines the commonalities in values for 12 counseling theories. Presents a method for quantifying the discrepancies between values orderings produced for different counseling orientations. (JAC)

The multimodal model uses the acronym BASIC ID to identify areas of client functioning that frequently need to be treated. The D mode includes drugs, diet, and other physiological factors. This article describes the evolution of the D mode and shows the importance of a physiological dimension to multimodal counseling. (Author)

The Integrated Developmental Model (IDM) of supervision builds upon previous models of counselor and psychotherapist development. The IDM incorporates aspects of both a mechanistic view, using the machine as metaphor, and an organismic view, using the organism as metaphor, of development in describing trainee development through three levels and…

Suggests a device for bridging the gap between counseling theory and technique. Cognitive development theory provides the basis for understanding a single transaction between counselor and client. The acronyms FACTS and CRACKS suggest the structural dynamics within the client's cognitive field as the counselor performs in two counseling…

Presents an Emotionality-Rationality-Activity model that integrates recent classifications of counseling and psychotherapy. The model also serves as a theoretical basis from which methods, goals, and processes during counseling, psychotherapy, and training can be derived and integrated. (Author)

Argues the need for theory development in the field of interpersonal relations training. Presents criteria, based on the four major divisions of philosophic inquiry (ontology, logic, axiology, and epistemology) and examines three views of interpersonal relations using these four criteria. (LLL)

Deals with the relationship between philosophy and counseling theory as outlined in a metatheoretical model. The model's implications for comparing theories and value orientations are also reviewed. This dialog serves an educational purpose and ensures an arena where counselors continually evaluate the status quo in a cultural context. (JAC)

The opening session of a group presents special problems for the group leader. Focuses on structured activities which can serve to reduce these early negative reactions and promote feelings of security, identity, and belongingness in the group members. (Author)

Describes and evaluates a five-phase training model which facilitates practitioners' choices in regard to model selection by providing an opportunity to compare their own therapeutic belief and action systems with those of family therapists oriented to one of three historically prominent models of family therapy. (WAS)

This book was written to provide a professional resource which describes comprehensively what a professional counselor is, what a professional counselor does, and where and when a professional counselor works. The first chapter presents a perspective on professional counseling and differentiates between professional counselors and other mental…

Proposes a view of values counseling that emphasizes values clarification and suggests that the strength of this approach is found in the process of values clarification. Encourages counselors to think about values counseling as an integrative process that is a purposeful approach derived from a theoretical base. (JAC)

A procedure was developed to help counseling students define their beliefs about people and their behavior and thus help them to identify their personal counseling theory. Class discussion concerning congruency between personal and professional beliefs is the result of using this procedure. Practicum students are expected to be familiar with a…