Discusses the practical application of Morita therapy philosophy and techniques in shyness counseling in the West. Presents the didactic, confrontational, and supportive messages used in Morita-based counseling. Discusses cross-cultural issues, illustrates the positive reinterpretation technique and the behavioral instructional method. (Author/ABB)

The general societal pattern in Malaysia is reflected by the distinct multi-racial composition of the population, comprised of Malays, Chinese, and Indians. In Malaysia, ethnicity determines the varied differences in the socio-cultural and religious diversity of the population. Organized modern medical services have existed in Malaysia since…

Describes cultural correlates of the Arab character in terms of family patterns, international relations, and implications for therapists and other human service personnel. Discusses the Bedouin influence and religious values and suggests that cultural stereotypes may restrict true understanding. (JAC)

Attempts to delineate recurrent problems between counselors and Canadian-Native clients. Notes that attitude and value differences exist between Natives and Non-Natives. Suggests that counselors need to show flexibility and understanding of inter-ethnic issues. (Author/ABB)

Proposes a direction for cross-cultural training and research different from the traditional ones which emphasize differences between groups and the need to develop culture-specific techniques. Delineates a conceptual model which provides an integrative framework for understanding the role of culture in counseling. Draws on work in transpersonal…