Examines nature of career problems, drawing out common features that pervade any particular instance. On basis of commonality, proposes common standard for career counseling theory, research, and practice. Notes that significance of identifying common standard is that field is so diverse in theory and practice that there appears to be little basis…

Trait-factor theory, developmental/self-concept theory, personality theory, and behavioral theory are some of the major theories of career development. The first three (trait-factor, developmental/self-concept, and personality) have ties to the gestalt school because of the emphasis on the individual's relationship to the environment. Anne Roe's…

Discusses how concepts from fields of lifespan developmental psychology and human development could be usefully applied to career intervention. Conceptualizes career counseling as human development intervention to allow a more differentiated and comprehensive view of normative and nonnormative factors that affect career development. (Author/ABL)

Illustrates how trait-and-factor model of career counseling has evolved into a person x environment fit approach. Criticisms of original model are presented and then rebutted by clarifying misconceptions and noting advances in theory and practice. Role of differential diagnosis, problem-solving interventions, and psychometric information within…

Discusses the use of career self-efficacy theory in counseling individuals having low career-related self-efficacy. Begins by presenting diagram of Bandura's model of perceived self-efficacy and then goes on to discuss its implications for counseling. Focuses on how society may alter women's career choices and women's socialization in relation to…

Analyzes similarities of career choice and development theories to determine whether vocational research and counseling field are moving toward integrated theory. Concludes that commonality exists but that theory differences, which are useful for specific populations and purposes, remain. (Author/CM)

Argues that career counselors need to pay more attention to the affective, psychological issues confronting clients with career problems. Discusses impact of significant psychological variables that influence career decision making, including developmental stages and tasks, identity formation and status, self-concept, psychological needs, and…

Considers unique career development issues of lesbians. Reviews available literature on lesbians and work, drawing parallels between work experiences of lesbians, nonlesbian women, and other minority status groups. Presents three models of career development in women and explores applicability of each theory to increasing understanding of lesbian…

Kolb's experiential learning theory offers the career counselor a meta-model with which to structure career exploration exercises and ensure a thorough investigation of self and the world of work in a manner that provides the client with an optimal amount of learning and personal development. (Author)

This paper offers a baseline about the status of career counseling outcomes research. It notes that few practitioners or researchers question the effectiveness of career counseling or related career interventions in the broad sense, yet the quality and comprehensiveness of the research deserves greater scrutiny in light of the field's broad scope…

Examines the historical roots of career planning and placement centers. Takes an in-depth look at a major identity issue, career services' organizational structure, and method of integration. (CH)

The authors (1) discuss the possibility of being somewhat culture-free to distinguish between common and personal knowledge, (2) introduce Lifecareer philosophy and theory, (3) discuss changes that are radically altering occupational fields, (4) advocate a change of perspective in decision making, and (5) suggest ideas for counseling practice. (CH)

Presents an approach to career counseling based on humanistic existentialism (HE). The philosophical and psychological background of HE is reviewed with implications for various counseling dimensions including diagnosis, process, outcomes, interview techniques, test interpretation, and occupational information. (RC)

Develops basic concepts of generalizability theory using hypothetical study of reliability of scores of vocational interest inventory. Asserts that generalizability theory makes it possible to consider all possible sources of unreliability simultaneously and to design optimal decision-making study. (NB)

Summarizes Harren's (1979) career decision-making model. Identifies in six steps how the model can be used as a systematic method for working with career clients. Demonstrates usage of this systematic method through a case study. Suggests this method enhances the counselor-client relationship. (JAC)