The authors examine occupational differentiation of U.S. Catholic nuns before and since the Second Vatican Council. Data were collected from interviews with 30 sisters representing 11 congregations. The analysis relates the diversification of their careers to changes in ideology and life-style and to the changing demographic and financial status…

Following a brief review of recent studies of self-efficacy and career-related behaviors, the authors suggest several core self-beliefs that may underlie efficacy expectations and their possible impact on career choice and decision making. Implications and suggestions for career counseling are discussed. (CH)

Implications of the dual-earner life-style as compared with other work/family types are presented. Ten work/family types are presented with predictions of future trends of each type. Suggestions are given for ways professionals can recognize the characteristics and needs of the dual-earner family. (Author/CH)

Provides a model for developing a career portfolio process for use with high school students and adults functioning in various types of learning endeavors as they seek credentials or licenses for various careers. Notes that the portfolio model provides an authentic alternative to current traditional career assessment practices. (Author/NB)

Proposes that expectancy measures, when adapted for use in counseling research and practice, can eliminate problems associated with the traditional use of interest inventories. Assessment of additional variables ordinarily contained in measures of work-related perceptions based on expectancy theory might alleviate shortcomings traditionally…

Reviews implications for career decision making (CDM) from recent studies. Techniques of decision analysis have been developed for helping people to make better decisions. These methods might be of value to CDM, both in supplementing traditional guidance procedure and in defining criteria used to evaluate CDM. (Author)

The earnings gap is the difference between the percentage ratio of women's earnings to those of men and 100 percent. In 1988, the earnings gap for hourly earnings was 26 percent; for weekly earnings, 30 percent; and for annual earnings, 34 percent. Although the direction over the past decade is toward greater equality, the pace is extremely slow.…

A life-phase approach to adult career counseling is described in light of the current uncertain economic environment in which assistance in dealing with career-related issues is often sought through counseling intervention. The purpose of this paper is to state support for recent shifts in the goals and techniques of career counseling with adults…