The evolutionary character and complexity of technological development is discussed, focusing on the steam engine and computer as examples. Additional topics include characteristics of science/technology, cultural factors in technological development, technology transfer, and problems in technological organization. (JN)

Describes Japan's industrial development and science/technology policy. Topics include policies for promoting industries, rationalization policy for industry, catching up with advanced technology, progression from imitation to creative technology, Japan's advantages in technological development, and problems faced by developing countries today.…

A National Academy of Sciences (NAS) report found no evidence that leaks of technical information from universities or other research centers have damaged national security. However, in areas where control is warranted, decisions should be based on criteria. These criteria and issues related to security control and technological transfer are…

Executive Order 12356 prescribes a system for classifying information based on national security concerns. The order gives unprecedented authority to government officials to intrude at will in controlling academic research that depends on federal support, posing a serious threat to academic freedom and hence to scientific advances and national…

Discusses plans to develop and naturalize its scientific and technological capabilities. Areas in which Mexico's National Council of Science and Technology selected to focus a national development program include: scholarships for middle-/high-level researchers/technicians; programs to support research and basic/new industries; government-industry…

Reviews the issue of how to preserve the fruits of research in high technology while at the same time avoiding restrictions on researchers' freedom. One solution proposed by Congress and the current administration would prevent technical data from being transferred overseas as well as other restrictions. (Author/SK)