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Direct linkBlack, Paul; Wiliam, Dylan – Curriculum Journal, 2005
This article outlines the main assessment traditions in four countries -- England, France, Germany and the United States -- in order to explore the prospects for the integration of summative and formative functions of assessment during compulsory schooling. In England, teachers' judgments do feed into national assessments, at 7, 11, 14 and 16, but…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Accountability, Student Evaluation
Download full textMobus, Martine; Verdier, Eric – Training & Employment, 1997
In both France and Germany, the government, employers' organizations, and unions all participate in defining vocational diplomas based on a national framework of procedures of elaborating and standardizing titles. Important differences between the diploma definition processes in France and Germany may be identified. In Germany, the issue is…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Education Work Relationship, Educational Change, Educational Practices
United Nations Economic, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). Section for Technical and Vocational Education. – 1997
This document contains seven papers about and from an international meeting on promoting linkage between technical and vocational education and the world of work. The first paper, a Final Report on the "International Expert Meeting on the Promotion of Linkage between Technical/Vocational Education and the World of Work (Tokyo, Japan, 3-6…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Education Work Relationship, Educational Needs, Educational Practices
