Two sets of opinion exist regarding the control of schools. The first pertains to the freedom of parental choice in education and the right of individuals and associations to run private schools subject to minimal government controls. The second stresses the overriding need to promote greater equality of opportunity in the form of publicly…

The Modern Languages Project group devoted to language teaching and learning with respect to migrants conducted its work against the background of the fundamental principles of the Council of Europe. The principles are the following: a learner-centered approach, learner autonomy, flexibility, communicative competence, and treating the learner as a…

Reports on recent developments and problems in the diversification of tertiary education in seven Western European countries are presented by members of the Working Party on the Diversification of Tertiary Education. Policy analysis and evaluation and recommendations for future policy are also provided. As a policy, diversification refers to the…