Challenges the widely endorsed practice of activating relevant knowledge prior to reading. Outlines a perspectival (perspective-relative) view of reading and suggests that this view provides a means to make coherent sense of interpretations. Concludes that having specific knowledge is not the main desideratum in interpreting texts--the main…

The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) has regularly assessed the reading skills of U.S. fourth-graders since the early 1970s, but few national studies have assessed the reading skills of children when they enter kindergarten and then documented the development of these skills through fifth grade. This analysis uses data from the…

A project determined the impact of the California Literacy Campaign (CLC) on its learners. Researchers used information from two California Adult Learner Progress Evaluation Process (CALPEP) forms: Where We Started (WWS) and a Semiannual Report (SR). The study focused on new adult learners served by the CLC for the first time between July and…

A study determined the impact the California Literacy Campaign (CLC) was having on adult learners based on changes in the California Adult Learner Progress Evaluation Process (CALPEP) learner progress forms. The two California Adult Learner Progress Evaluation Process (CALPEP) forms analyzed were: Where We Started, completed by learner and tutor…

Evaluates "The Reading Report Card" and application of Reading Proficiency Scale to that report with 1984-85 data on reading ability in adults between ages 21 and 25. Also discusses reading trends in relation to different segments of population and in terms of where decreases and increases in reading ability have occurred between 1974…

A superintendent interviewed gang members in northeastern cities to determine their views about school and discover what gang-culture characteristics might improve their school success. Many were discouraged by teachers' low expectations. Prevention/intervention strategies include empowering students, encouraging a sense of belonging, and…

The purpose of this study was to compare children's acquisition and use of reading strategies and their evolving stance toward reading in two instructional settings, skills-based and whole language. The authors used test-score and descriptive data to select case study children who represented a range of reading development, e.g., from emergent…

Discusses research findings on gender issues in education and suggests how school librarians can incorporate this information into their programs and practices. Topics include research on: children's literature and sex roles; reading habits and topic interests; information literacy behaviors; and classroom interactions. (AEF)

Looks at the lives of two well-known writers to explore how diverse experiences produce literate adults. Discusses Agatha Christie and Jack London who used reading and writing to earn a living and to gain international reputations. (MG)

Purpose: This paper aims to focus on achievement level of primary grade students in different subjects taught at primary level and the factors affecting the student achievement in this regard. Design/methodology/approach: The study was carried out on a sample of 1,080 students of grade 3 and 5 drawn from randomly selected 36 primary/elementary…

The Reading Enrichment/Achievement Demonstration Project (READ) has provided continuing studies, since 1976, of sustained silent reading programs that use paperback books. The 1980-81 Project READ involved 1,100 young people in the juvenile justice system who attended 25 alternative schools and community-based programs. The public school portion…

The 1992-93 Grade One Teacher Training Program was designed to provide first-grade classroom teachers an opportunity to increase the effectiveness of their initial instruction and first line of intervention so as to reduce the number of pupils needing a second level of intervention, such as the Reading Recovery or Early Literacy intervention…

Three commonly used methodologies for ranking undergraduate and graduate colleges and programs are compared and evaluated. The first is that of Jack Gourman. It uses a scoring system similar to that of the College Board Examinations with scores from 200 to 800, assigned in two areas: one for the strength of academic departments, and one for…