A new theoretical analysis of the stop-signal model is proposed. Within the concepts of crude- and net-hazard functions, the nonobservable control-latency distribution can be estimated from observable reaction times. This result allows a test of the Logan and Cowan model (1984) without simplifying assumptions. (SLD)

Tangible and pictorial paired-stimulus (PPS) preference assessments were compared for 6 individuals with developmental disabilities. During tangible and PPS assessments, two edible items or photographs were presented on each trial, respectively, and approach responses were recorded. Both assessments yielded similar preference hierarchies for 3…

Four adults with developmental disabilities were taught to make conditional discriminations between either pictures and their corresponding printed English and Spanish words, or tastes and their corresponding printed English and Spanish words. Participants required more training trials to master the visual-visual conditional discriminations than…

This article describes how new communication technologies and channels of communication are impacting historically basic channels of communication. This impact is described as being an incremental and evolutionary process rather than a blunt transition. A main theme stressed is that historically basic channels of communication, strongly grounded…

Communication with staff can be improved if the variability in information processing preferences is accommodated. Communication based on cognitive style can increase the probability of follow-through while reducing misunderstanding and potential conflict. The Jungian definition of cognitive style is most widely used; the Myers Briggs Type…

This article presents the results of a large-scale study of the characteristics of 156 individuals with Asperger Syndrome (AS) ages 12 to 18. Specifically, cognitive (intellectual, empathizing, systemizing), adaptive behavior, behavior, temperament, and sensory profiles of study participants are overviewed. These characteristics are discussed as…

Motion media refers to film, television, and other forms of kinesthetic media including computerized multimedia technologies and virtual reality. Imagery reproduced by motion media carries a multisensory amalgamation of mental experiences. The blending of these experiences phenomenologically intersects with the reality and perception of words,…

The perceptual bases of visual literacy are explored, drawing on research into the interpretation of pictures by viewers not familiar with pictorial representation. Research has indicated that inexperienced viewers do not find it difficult to recognize pictures that may be discrepant in color or shape from a familiar object, but may be troubled by…

Evidence from 5 experiments with over 150 newborns suggests that infants are born with some information about the structure of faces. This information, termed CONSPEC, is contrasted with CONLERN, a device for learning visual characteristics of conspecifics. Distinction between these mechanisms allows for reconciling conflicting data about face…

Jerome Bruner identified three major ways of knowing: iconic, enactive, and symbolic. Schooling has been dominantly framed in the symbolic, and intelligence and achievement were measured in this realm. Gregory Bateson, concerned with mind-nature separation, differentiated between the map (a human-made abstraction) and the territory (the natural…

Potential benefits for learning that the outdoors may hold have been brought into increased focus in the UK by the recent introduction of a manifesto for learning outside the classroom (DfES, "Learning outside the classroom: manifesto"; Nottingham, Department for Education and Skills, 2006). This article draws on two recent studies of…

Attributes of multimedia learning resources are explored, considering the physical resources, the learners, and the instructional design factors that appear to be crucial in determining interactive capability and potential for instruction. The first significant dimension that is discussed is the sensory dimension, which includes structural media…

Argues that sensory screening does not identify children at risk for reading or learning disability, and that sensory training does not improve reading or learning. (RAE)

Transcripts of the spontaneous remarks of adult visitors to a fine arts museum were analyzed according to four models of aesthetic experience. An expanded alternative model is proposed that incorporates some features from each model to better describe how visitors respond to the aesthetic experience. (SLD)

The knowledge visually-impaired people have of the space around them is a subject of great interest to the scientific community. This article describes a school programme and the effect it had on the environmental knowledge of the school where it was carried out. A group of sighted students chose as a project to construct, with the author's help,…