The purpose of this analysis was to study the linguistic features of Kaqchikel, a Mayan language currently spoken in Guatemala and increasingly in the United States, in an effort to better prepare teachers of English as a second language (ESL) or English as a foreign language (EFL) to address the distinct needs of a frequently neglected and typically marginalized population of English language learners (ELLs). Raising awareness of a growing population of ELLs, the study provides historical, cultural, socio-political, and linguistic facts and perspectives and includes a personal interview with a native Kaqchikel speaker currently residing in the United States. Information about language origin, structure, development, evolution, and use informs ESL/EFL teachers of the importance of distinguishing speakers of Kaqchikel and other Mayan languages from other Hispanic ELLs. Suggesting a critical approach to English language instruction, the report details "the top five" challenge points for Kaqchikel speakers learning English and includes a list of resources that teachers can use both personally and in the classroom to gain insight into the Kaqchikel/Mayan language and culture and to foster and support literacy and language development. List of books, films, and Web sites is included. (Contains 1 note.)