This paper looks at six theoretical approaches for understanding the underrepresentation of women in leadership positions and examines the theories' implications for affirmative action. The theories are as follows: (1) motivational and attitudinal models; (2) sex-role socialization; (3) sex-typed jobs and internal labor markets; (4) the constraint…

In the last 10 years, women's gender-equity reports have increased in number. Some theorists perceive quantitative procedures as "masculine" and qualitative procedures as "feminine." To refute this dichotomy, over 200 equity research reports produced between 1981 and 1991 were examined in a mini-meta analysis to identify the…

Explains that, although African-American women are making the greatest strides in science and technical fields, these fields still remain underrepresented with minorities. Related issues involving gender stereotyping and the difficulty of breaking into a sexist field are examined. (GLR)

Evaluates the Greek governments' gender equality educational policy; new reading books that the Greek government presented in 1983 as solving previously reading books' sexism; and views of the educational establishment, women's organizations, and teachers concerning old and new books and new books' efficacy in light of textual analyses. (RLC)

Subtlety and complacency mask ongoing gender bias in today's classrooms. Updates are presented concerning career segregation; single-sex classrooms; safety and health problems; dropout rates; gifted programs; male/female stereotypes; classroom interactions; SAT scores; math, science and technology gender gaps; political reversals; and female…