Latent class models with covariates are widely used for psychological, social, and educational research. Yet the fundamental identifiability issue of these models has not been fully addressed. Among the previous research on the identifiability of latent class models with covariates, Huang and Bandeen-Roche (Psychometrika 69:5-32, 2004) studied the…

Despite decades of extensive research on creativity, the field still combats psychometric problems when measuring individual differences in creative ability and people's potential to achieve real-world outcomes that are both original and useful. We think these seemingly technical issues have a conceptual origin. We therefore propose a minimal…

Purpose: The article distinguishes between the three concepts of standardization of the tasks of pedagogical action in modern educational systems: the traditional concept of standardizing educational goals through curricula, the literacy concept of psychometric standardization, and the concept of competence, which can be developed in different…

In this article, Dylan William states that the central claim in Baird, et al.'s piece is that if theories of assessment take into account theories of learning, assessments will somehow be more valid, and some of the more egregious effects of assessment on learning will be ameliorated. William responds to this claim by arguing that it seems…

Despite the frequent use of state-of-the-art psychometric models in the field of medical education, there is a growing body of literature that questions their usefulness in the assessment of medical competence. Essentially, a number of authors raised doubt about the appropriateness of psychometric models as a guiding framework to secure and refine…

The author's commentary focuses more on the quantitative discussion about educational assessment of the original article than on the idea of the assessment for learning, which did not raise any substantial issues. He starts by offering some general comments on the paper. He feels the authors made a number of assumptions about quantitative…

The Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model presently serves as a blueprint for both test development and a taxonomy for clinical interpretation of modern tests of cognitive ability. Accordingly, the trend among test publishers has been toward creating tests that provide users with an ever-increasing array of scores that comport with CHC. However, an…

This issue's featured article, "Assessment and Learning: Fields Apart" (Baird, Andrich, Hopfenbeck, and Stobart 2017) raises issues that are of basic importance for the disciplines of assessment and teaching and learning theory. In this commentary, Alex Scharaschkin restricts his remarks to a few areas. He considers the idea of a…

In Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), item response theory (IRT) scaling is used to examine the psychometric properties of items and scales and to provide comparable test scores across participating countries and over time. To balance the comparability of IRT item parameter estimations across countries with the best possible…

This article considers psychometric properties of composite raw scores and transformed scale scores on mixed-format tests that consist of a mixture of multiple-choice and free-response items. Test scores on several mixed-format tests are evaluated with respect to conditional and overall standard errors of measurement, score reliability, and…

Educational assessments define what aspects of learning will formally be given credit and therefore have a huge impact upon teaching and learning. Although the impact of high-stakes national and international assessments on teaching and learning is considered in the literature, remarkably, there is little research on the connection between…

There are a multitude of different theories on intelligence and achievement. While intelligence theory remains a highly contentious issue, there are commonalties among prominent research based and non-research based theories, particularly the adoption of belief over testable theory by researchers. The embracing of speculative theory exemplifies a…

Emotional awareness is the ability to conceptualize and describe one's own emotions and those of others. Over thirty years ago, a cognitive-developmental theory of emotional awareness patterned after Piaget's theory of cognitive development was created as well as a performance measure of this ability called the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale…

Dynamic assessment (DA) research, still in its infancy, takes its roots from Vygotsky's concept of zone of proximal development (ZPD) to account for learner's developmental process. Breaking away from a static, incomplete and, thus, unethical assessment of learner's abilities, DA came to the fore to better crystallize learner's levels of abilities…

This article analyses research of theories and models of intelligence. It examines current developments in intelligence research, covering the formation of more complex and diverse intelligence theories. First, the article examines some of the widely used aptitude/intelligence tests include, such Stanford-Binet Intelligence Quotient, Wechsler…