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Micro Declared Language Policy or Not?: Language-Policy-Like Statements in the Rules of Procedure of the Rwandan Parliament
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Gafaranga, Joseph; Niyomugabo, Cyprien; Uwizeyimana, Valentin – Language Policy, 2013
An invitation to integrate macro and micro level analyses has been extended to researchers as this integration is felt to be the way forward for language policy research (Ricento, Ideology, politics and language policies: Focus on english, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2000). In turn, the notion of 'micro' in language policy has been specified as…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Language Planning, African Languages, Case Studies
Linguistic Markets in Rwanda: Language Use in Advertisements and on Signs
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Rosendal, Tove – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2009
Rwanda has experienced major changes during the last decade due to the genocide in 1994. After the civil war, in addition to establishing political and economical stability, peace and reconciliation, the government was faced with the return of refugees from neighbouring, mostly English-speaking, countries. The new socio-demographic conditions…
Descriptors: Language Planning, Language Usage, Official Languages, War