This paper has two main purposes. The first, more informational, is to introduce, re-introduce, the German-Nordic concept of "Bildung" to Canadian environmental education. This includes a brief attempt to define, a short overview of its history which stretches back to the Eighteenth century at least, and then an exploration of why and…

A number of education researchers, both in Europe and in North America, have claimed that classroom teachers in state schooling systems have suffered from a process of "de-professionalisation" and/or "de-skilling" over recent decades. This paper argues that these claims are problematic, on at least two grounds. First, for…

In the face of the century-old call for democracy in education by John Dewey, this paper explores how and why teachers have been systemically removed from efficacy within the educational system in which they live and work. The paper examines historical trends that work to limit teachers' institutional power and become obstacles to teacher voice.…