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Smith, Frank – Phi Delta Kappan, 1992
Methods such as phonics or whole language can never ensure that children learn to read. Children must learn from people--from teachers initiating them into the readers' club and from authors' writings. Children's relationships with teachers, each other, and the learning task itself are supremely important. Observation, not testing, gauges student…
Descriptors: Educational Change, Elementary Education, Learning Processes, Observation