The use of adventure programming with families has increased tremendously during the past 10 years. Like traditional adventure activities, adventure interventions with families have been well received for their capacity to fully engage participants in dynamic interactions that create therapeutic movement. These activities are especially powerful…

Describes the wilderness adventure experience for offenders at Santa Fe Mountain Center. The experience can reveal a composite picture of a client's global personality in the way s/he responds to tasks, demands, and stimuli. An example of a client evaluation is provided. (ERB)

Addresses Outward Bound's redirection and rededication of service by taking a closer look at Hahn's philosophy of service and the models provided by various service-learning programs outside of Outward Bound. Examples which highlight major issues involved are Outward Bound Living/Learning Term and Tucker Foundation at Dartmouth College. (ERB)

Leisure bereft of all stress is action without purpose. Maximum motivation and gratification are achieved when a balance is achieved between abilities and responsibilities. Stress is an essential leisure ingredient that provides meaning and clarity to social experience. (CJ)

Experienced teams competing in multiple adventure activities, several of which involved ropes, kept their harnesses on all day. Safety procedures included an initial check of buckles and harnesses by an instructor, but failed to recognize that participants would remove their harnesses for toilet purposes. Lists other possible safety errors for…

Considers challenge programs as treatment for adult offenders, focusing on APPEL (Adult Probation Positive Experiential Learning) program. Describes development of such offender programs, discusses how particular activities might be used to increase probationers' receptivity to traditional treatment services, examines reasons for apparent success…

Discusses the characteristics of "good" and "bad" games used in adventure- or experiential-education settings. Good games are simultaneously familiar and exotic; have minimal rules and no clothing requirements; have an achievable "flow state"; and are cooperative, challenging, and accepting of failure that advances the group's problem-solving…

In recent years, a British government initiative has been pursuing the aim of National/Scottish Vocational Qualifications in all industries, trades, and professions. However, exemptions have been permitted for National Governing Body awards, such as exist for various sports and recreational areas. Efforts to reconcile these two parallel…

Summarizes the activities of the Young Explorers Trust (Great Britain) over the past 25 years including funding, expedition sites, purposes of expeditions, and origins of expeditions. Comments on the origin, growth, and trends in expedition adventure programming. (SAS)

Many forms of adventure therapy, in particular wilderness therapy, rely on challenges in the outdoors to achieve objectives of client change. While nature is drawn on as a medium for therapy and healing, some adventure therapists give nature little if any mention when it comes to explaining therapeutic success. The dominant paradigm in psychology…

This article describes the experiences of teachers who participated in a program run by Outward Bound that helps them examine their beliefs and biases. The participants in this "urban expedition" come from schools that have contracted with Outward Bound to convert to its expeditionary model. Driving all Outward Bound ventures is the notion that…

Since 1985, freshman entering the University of Puget Sound in Tacoma, Washington, have embarked on a 3-day outdoor adventure program as part of their orientation experience prior to their first semester. Most of the 700-800 freshmen entering the university participate in the program titled "Passages." While half of the group is on…

The issues and challenges facing those who administer the general instruction programs in colleges and universities represent a pattern of frequent change. The highly formal programs of uniforms and conformance of past years and the individualized, adventure type programs that are popular today represent some of the changes in general instruction…

Galagan describes the Leadership Experiential Adventure Program that can be used to facilitate leadership and teamwork for managers. Gall discusses transferring what is learned to the workplace and gives a list of companies providing experiential learning for corporate clients. (JOW)

Discusses the content, rewards, risks, and legal implications of adventure education. (WD)