Evidence-based decision-making requires access to good and reliable data. In recent years, there has been a tremendous increase of data available to institutions, from internal as well as external sources. With this increase in data and its analytics, new challenges and questions arise. One of the most pertinent of which is the ethics and best practices of data collection and usage. This chapter explores the role data have in institutional decision-making, the need for clear data policies and definitions, and concludes with suggestions for elements of a Data Bill of Rights.