The article highlights a set of specific solutions for international journals -- "The Margin Lever". The proposed solutions relate to changes in publishing policies and methods of reviewing texts that may contribute to overcoming the hegemony of scientists coming from the richest, top-rated, perfectly adapted universities. These…

In June 2010, the Association of American Medical Colleges issued the third and final portion of its conflict-of-interest policy initiatives. The task force on "Conflicts of Interest in Clinical Care" did not mince words when it described the impetus for these initiatives: "It is imperative that the possibility or perception of [financial conflict…

The concept of freight pass-through pricing (FPT) as used by booksellers and publishers is explained, noting variations in FPT, recent actions and reactions, FPT pricing and libraries, and recent changes in FPT. (EJS)

Outlines traditional and nontraditional information services developed at a large, highly diversified firm to exploit power and value of online databases and support goals of the Independent Searching Program. Highlights include awareness, set-up and vendor selection; training and continuing support; local database building; electronic search…

Discusses the World Bank's role in helping scientific and technological development in developing countries. Areas considered include bank support for science and technology, agricultural research/extension, international agricultural and health research, education and training, support for industrial innovation, energy, research and policy, and…

Addresses several differences between computer software and books that affect copyright-related issues. Discussion covers durability of the physical medium, dilemma of backup copies, software licensing agreements, integrity of honest customers, and policy suggestions for libraries that have or are considering microcomputer labs and are concerned…

Overview of public access to government publications in terms of policy set by Reagan administration and Congress highlights Government Printing Office sales program, Freedom of Information Act, and Title 44 "United States Code" revision. Research on government publication access in depository collections and selected policy issues is…

This document, which examines various topics and issues related to the management of freshwater supplies, is organized into 6 main sections. These sections include: (1) the water cycle and renewable supplies, providing data on distribution of such supplies by continent and average annual per capita runoff produced in selected countries with…

Describes an approach for measuring industrial technological diversification behavior. Identifies sectoral patterns of Japanese industry as related to diversification behaviors. Delineates the mechanisms and effectiveness of Japanese corporate and government policies relevant to diversification. (ML)

Plant scientists and science policymakers from government, private companies, and universities met at a convocation on the genetic engineering of plants. During the convocation, researchers described some of the ways genetic engineering may be used to address agricultural problems. Policymakers delineated and debated changes in research funding…

Points out advantages and disadvantages of industry-university research programs from industry and university viewpoints. Identifies conditions essential for long-term success of such arrangements. Also provides a case study of practices at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), discussing policy guidelines and giving examples of joint…

This document is the Reagan Administration's first "Annual Science and Technology Report." Chapter 1 presents overall guidelines of the Administration's national science and technology (S/T) policy. Major decisions and actions taken within those guidelines are described and highlights of the research and development (R&D) components…