The Standards for Mathematical Practice (SMP) in the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM) (CCSSI 2010) highlight the mathematical habits that educators should be fostering in mathematics classrooms throughout K-grade 12 education. That argumentation and discourse are important components of developing mathematically proficient…

Fourth-grade students in Title I mathematics took 40-problem tests to determine types of persistent errors made in addition and subtraction. Tests, administered to 117 students (addition) and 104 students (subtraction), were analyzed for basic fact, random, or procedural errors. Findings are reported and discussed, and recommendations for…

The Stanford Achievement Test (SAT), Intermediate Level II, was administered to 11,077 sixth grade students during fall 1984. This two-section report presents findings of the SAT's three mathematics subtests. These subtests measured competency related to: (1) mathematics concepts (number, notation, operations, and geometry/measurement), (2)…

The goals of the project were: (1) to develop elementary mathematics instructional materials which incorporate the use of hand calculators; (2) to develop an appropriate teacher training program; (3) to improve students' basic mathematics skills; (4) to improve students' understanding of mathematics concepts and processes; (5) to improve students'…

Procedures used to map the achievement levels, expressed as total expected scores on the full set of items presented to a grade, onto the Mathematics Composite of the 1990 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) are described. The Composite, defined as a weighted average of subdomain scores, provides a global measure of mathematics…

A random sample of fourth, eighth, and eleventh grade Illinois students has been tested annually since 1976 by the Illinois State Board of Education. This testing program is called the Illinois Inventory of Educational Progress (IIEP). This report presents mathematics achievement results of a random sample of fourth (N=6,103), eighth (N=10,026),…

A series of six models were devised and tested to address the structure of elementary school achievement in language, work study, reading, and mathematics skills. The models were based on two assumptions: first, that information processing strategies of children would govern their basic skills performances; and, second, that the basic skills would…

This sampler of student responses to mathematics and science items was assembled to show how student responses differ depending on whether students are tested in English or in their native languages. The sampler aims to promote awareness among teachers and assessment developers that low language proficiency in English is a factor that can penalize…

An overview and summary are presented of the implementation of the Connecticut Mastery Test for grade 4. The testing program assesses essential skills in mathematics and language arts including listening, reading, and writing for students in grades 4, 6, and 8. The criterion-referenced mastery test assesses how well each student is performing on…

A course of study was researched, designed, and implemented by the writer to learn mathematics apprehensions of fifth grade students. The primary goal was to reduce mathematics apprehension through positive mathematics experiences at home as well as in school. The objectives of the program were to develop a more positive feeling about mathematics…

An evaluation was conducted of the first year of a 3-year program designed in New York City to serve the needs of Chinese-speaking intermediate grade students of limited English proficiency. The focus of the program was on improving their achievement in mathematics and science while also improving students' English language proficiency. The…

The Connecticut Mastery Test is a critical element of the state's efforts to attain educational equity and excellence. The testing program assesses essential skills in mathematics and language arts, including listening, reading, and writing for grades 4, 6, and 8. Student achievement is measured and reported in relation to specific learning…

Since 1988, Vermont has been developing a state assessment program, the centerpiece of which is the student portfolio and "best pieces" drawn from it. The state's use of portfolio results will be limited to reporting aggregates, but within schools, teachers and principals may use the portfolios as they choose. The assessment program,…

Once a week, several classrooms of Philadelphia 4th-grade girls participate in Sisters in Science, an afterschool, intergenerational program sponsored by Temple University that provides hand-on activities exploring urban environmental issues. A two-week summer camp program helps these students explore the rivers of Philadelphia. Participants…

In this study, special education teachers identified students with learning disabilities who were working on math skills usually taught two grades below the grade in which the student was enrolled. Each student (n=33) took two levels of the MAT/7 math computation test, an on-grade test, and an out-of-level test intended for students two grades…