The burgeoning field of third language (L3) acquisition has increasingly focused on intermediate stages of language development, aiming to establish the groundwork for comprehensive models of L3 learning that encompass the entire developmental sequence. This article underscores the importance of a robust epistemological foundation, advocating for…

As teacher educators on the U.S.-Mexico borderlands, our goal is to (re)conceptualize a pedagogical approach for bilingual teacher development informed by teacher education research in the borderlands and anchored in the myriad of historical, sociopolitical, cultural, and linguistic realities of the U.S.-Mexico borderlands -- a border pedagogy.…

This state-of-the-art paper is centered on bilingual education teachers' linguistic qualifications with special reference to Spanish competencies needed to meet the needs of emergent bilingual education learners in the U.S. The paper spans over a forty-year period drawing on the experiences and related publications of the principal author…

The ability to objectively quantify the complexity of a text can be a useful indicator of how likely learners of a given level will comprehend it. Before creating more complex models of assessing text difficulty, the basic building block of a text consists of words and, inherently, its overall difficulty is greatly influenced by the complexity of…

In this article we examine the book "El estudio de la naturaleza en la escuela" by the Danish pedagogue Vilhelm Rasmussen (1869-1939), published by Editorial Labor in Barcelona in 1933, and its influence on the pedagogical standpoint of Margarita Comas Camps (1892-1972). Comas, who translated the book into Spanish, was a member of the…

Ventura County is home to approximately 55,000 children under age six, many of whom enroll in early care and education (ECE) programs (KidsData, 2023). The ECE workforce provides vital learning and growth for these children, complex work that demands energy and expertise. Building on the California Early Care and Education Workforce Study…

Despite different childhood experiences--primarily differences centered around language access--the authors share stories of growing up in large Spanish-speaking families with a strong sense of cultural identity and values. Now as they raise three children together, this is what they want for them as well--a sense of cultural identity and pride,…

Multilingual students arrive in classrooms with rich language knowledge and funds of knowledge. Educators must recognize that emergent bilinguals speak multiple languages. They have one unitary language system; their language is bilingualism. Whether in a monolingual classroom setting or a multilingual setting, when working with emergent…

In this article, the authors present a composite counter-story of seemingly innocent encounters between a teacher and Raza learners for educators to grapple with color-blind and race-neutral practices when working with Raza learners. The authors offer entry points and questions to reflect on the intersection of race, language, and learning…

This curriculum case study describes the design and enactment of the Build a Better Book project with a group of Spanish-English bilingual high school students. Within an enriched literacy project-based learning instructional approach, students collaborated to design and fabricate multimodal 3D printed tactile picture books for children who are…

The article describes the translingual theoretical underpinnings guiding the design of a multilingual writing course. The course was offered at The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, a Hispanic Serving Institution. The design of the course challenged monolingual ideologies in academic writing through community partnerships with non-profit…

This paper presents a novel approach to teaching how vaccines work in the body, and introduces a community outreach project and activity we piloted with youth. Our Nuestra Ciencia program addresses scientific misconceptions among bilingual elementary school children in engaging and scientifically accurate ways. Utilizing analogies and…

This report provides information about a free-of-charge, trilingual (Portuguese, Spanish, and English) game-based application that engages high school and undergraduate students in reviewing the structural theory of organic compounds in a challenging way. In Time Bomb Game, students must disarm a time bomb on their own by correctly answering…

At the intersection of social studies and world language curricula are opportunities to explore students' prior learning with vocabulary-rich content designed to support language acquisition goals. "Funds of knowledge" is defined as socio-cultural, economic, and historical knowledge from home and community settings. The instructional…

This paper sets out to bridge the gap between theory and practice by suggesting activities and resources that could be used in the audiovisual translation (AVT) classroom when training students to achieve credible and natural-sounding dialogue in dubbing. Following a competence- and task-based approach, these activities have been implemented by…