The main objective of this review is to answer the following research questions: What are the effects of outreach programmes on problem/high-risk behaviour of young people between 8 and 25 years of age living in OECD countries? Are they less likely to experience an adverse outcome such as school failure or drop-out, runaway and homelessness,…

From its foundation in 1847, the temperance organisation the Band of Hope addressed its young members as consumers, victims and agents. In the first two roles, they encountered the effects of drink of necessity, but in the third role, they were encouraged to seek it out, attempting to influence individuals and wider society against "Giant…

In 1838 a child known as Mathinna was removed from the settlement for the remnant of the Tasmanian Aboriginal people on Flinders Island and taken to Hobart to live in the house of the lieutenant governor. Sir John and Lady Franklin, the historical record recounts, were impressed by her intelligence and wanted to bring her up as a companion to…

Many parents support the "supervised introduction" of alcohol to children. While initiation to regular alcohol consumption in early adolescence has been linked with alcohol-related problems in adult life, the findings from these studies cannot be extrapolated to early childhood. The definition of initiation to alcohol in early childhood is often…

Each year since 1990, the Annie E. Casey Foundation has published the KIDS COUNT Data Book to track the well-being of children nationally and in every state. When the first Data Book was launched 25 years ago, the hope was that it would raise public awareness and build public commitment to invest in solutions to ensure that each and every child…

The intensive rise of deviant consciousness and behavior in the population (including consciousness and behavior conducive to crime) has been classified rightly as one of the most dangerous "social disorders" of Russian society. Especially salient is the epidemic of "deviancy in regard to the law" in the consciousness and…

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term that describes the range of effects associated with the diagnoses of Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE) and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). FASD itself is not a diagnosis, but rather encompasses a wide range of symptomatic behaviors that occur in an individual whose mother drank alcohol during…

Describes the importance of parents teaching their children about the dangers of alcohol, explaining how parents can help their children and youth learn to just say no. Sidebars discuss: teen issues parents need to know; how to set guidelines for parties and other social events; and the PTA's position on alcohol and other drug abuse. (SM)

Native American who entered treatment for alcohol abuse and found that conventional cures did not address cultural clash of being Indian in Eurocentric society describes alcohol prevention and treatment program rooted in traditional Indian values and ceremonies. Describes "The Red Road," holistic approach which uses culture as therapy and…

This report describes the outcomes of three grant programs administered by the New Jersey Department of Education's drug and alcohol prevention education and intervention: (1) the Substance Awareness Coordinator (SAC) Program II; (2) the Emergency Grant Program; and (3) the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act (DFSCA). The impact of core team…

In this article we discuss the importance of the cultural tailoring (CT) of classroom-based prevention curricula to ensure their relevance to, and increase their receptivity by, racial and ethnic minority adolescent populations. Following a review of the pertinent literature, we develop an integrated model of CT that conceptualizes such…

The purpose of this project was to develop a culturally relevant collaborative model focussing on early screening and intervention for Navajo children prenatal exposure to alcohol. A review of the long-term consequences of maternal drinking is presented, and prevalence statistics for American Indian groups are reviewed. Collaboration between a…

Alcohol abuse affects the entire family, yet only recently has attention focused on the needs of children with parents or guardians who abuse alcohol and/or other drugs. Professional school counselors (PSCs) must be prepared to identify and address the needs of these students. Parental alcohol abuse presents serious academic, emotional, physical,…

Of all of the medical specialties, child and adolescent psychiatry has the most severe shortage of practitioners. This shortage is even more pronounced in economically disadvantaged and rural areas. The American Indian population is younger, more economically disadvantaged, and more rural than the general U.S. population (United States Census…

This report attempts to improve the capacity of teachers, counselors, and other professionals to serve families whose children are at risk due to substance abuse and maltreatment on the part of the caretakers. Any professional coming into contact with these children needs to be aware of the scope of the problem and understand what these children…