Because of attitudes and policies, women academics are clustered in service rather than career areas of their professions. The social and academic results of this underrepresentation include the loss of valuable contributions from women. Policy areas needing change are employment conditions, inclusion in decision making, and child care. (MSE)

Changes in women's participation in university education in Australia, as students, graduates, and faculty, are outlined with statistical data and analyzed in the context of Australia's economic history. Despite increased female participation at all levels, heavy imbalances are found to continue, particularly at the upper levels. (MSE)