Across the United States, many districts find themselves short on bilingual teachers. More than half of the states face a shortage of such teachers, with shortages most acute in states that provide bilingual education to the greatest numbers of English learners. Bilingual and dual-language education have proven to have a positive effect on the…

This brief is the fourth of a four-part series that focuses on bilingual education, bilingual educators, and addressing the bilingual teacher shortage in contexts across the United States. This research was commissioned by the New Jersey State Department of Education, which is committed to providing quality bilingual education to its…

This article examines the ways in which racist structures negatively affect students' social and emotional development and how social-emotional learning (SEL) may be a useful tool to push against racist structures to develop students socially and emotionally. We propose an ecological framework to examine how micro-, meso-, and macro-level…

Multilingual learners (MLs) are students whose primary language is not English and are eligible for English language development services through the Transitional Bilingual Instruction Program (TBIP). Eligible MLs receive TBIP services until they become proficient in English. During the 2022-23 school year, 149,357 students were identified as…

The state of Washington is home to more than 566,000 children under the age of six. About 306,000 of these children have all available parents in the workforce and, thus, potentially need child care. Like many states in recent years, Washington has committed public and private resources toward multiple efforts to improve early care and education…

This report describes the early childhood degree programs offered in Washington, focusing on variations in program content, age-group focus, student field-based learning, and faculty characteristics, as well as the extent to which Washington ECE [early care and education] higher education programs are incorporating early math, family engagement,…

Between 1979 and 2008, the number of school-age children (ages 5-17) in the United States who spoke a language other than English at home increased from 3.8 to 10.9 million, or from 9 to 21 percent of the population in this age range, according to the latest figures from the National Center on Education Statistics (NCES). The NCES also reveals…

This report provides information on the program for students with limited English proficiency (LEP) in school year 2000-2001 as well as historical information. Specifically, this report discusses the following topics: (1) staffing patterns and instruction to implement the program; (2) enrollment patterns of students who have participated in the…

An early childhood education program for children of migrant and seasonal farm workers, the project provides a supplemental tutoring program, offered outside of regular school hours, by bilingual adult paraprofessionals who are former migrants or seasonal farm workers. Composed of a "mobile" and a "stationary" program, the…

This paper is a description of an Individualized Bilingual Instruction (IBI) program which was nationally validated by the U.S. Department of Education and listed in their directory of "Educational Programs That Work." It provides information on the technology of the IBI program, the type of curriculum selected and how the staff was…

An early childhood education program for children of migrant and seasonal farm workers, the Project provides tutoring, usually outside of regular school hours, to kindergarten and first grade children. The tutoring is done by adult paraprofessionals who are former migrants or seasonal farm workers. Program focus is to: (1) develop the child's…

Initiated in February 1974, the Project consists of a mobile and a non-mobile component. In the mobile component, adults from the families who migrate are trained to serve as a teacher. These teaching adults tutor the children, usually in groups of 6 to 10 children, in each location to which they move. Since the public school has the primary…

The Bilingual Mini-School Tutoring Project offers parents a major role in their children's education as decision makers responsible for hiring and other areas of program operations and as teachers providing bilingual, bicultural instruction. The program design has two components: the mobile and the non-mobile component. The non-mobile program has…

This study examined data from Washington school districts with approved state programs for limited English proficient (LEP) students during 1999-00. Data came from district annual reports; student information from districts with significant numbers of LEP students; and reviews of research on bilingual and LEP education. Overall, students' academic…

Combining URRD and other funding sources, the program provides an interstate and interdistrict tutoring service, usually outside of regular school hours, to children of migrant and seasonal farm worker families. The tutoring is done by adult paraprofessionals, many of whom are parents or relatives of the children served. Parents also participate…