In Montana, SHAPE Montana Board members saw the reduction and replacement of physical education with traditional classroom time and decided to spring into action. Collectively, they leveraged their state organization (SHAPE Montana) and created an advocacy program called "The 150 Program" to promote the importance of physical education…

A University of Montana graduate program used an interdisciplinary approach to train rural special physical educators. Program elements included a basis in the notion of universal excellence, interdisciplinary student recruitment, metacognition training, rural transfer and adaptation strategies, and establishing rural school districts as practicum…

Federal legislation requires that all handicapped children be afforded an appropriate and individualized physical education program. The state education agency of Montana, however, has not assumed this responsibility, and unqualified special education classroom teachers and regular physical education teachers are reluctantly charged by local…