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Download full textKitagawa, Mary M.; Kitagawa, Chisato – International Journal of Progressive Education, 2007
Seikatsu tsuzurikata is a grassroots movement in Japan that has many parallels to the whole language movement, but it developed completely independently, beginning in the late 1920s. Our research into this movement was conducted in 1984 and described in Kitagawa and Kitagawa (1987). We are now updating our earlier research. Seikatsu tsuzurikata is…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Values, Progressive Education, Whole Language Approach
Direct linkSmith, Herman W.; Francis, Linda E. – Social Forces, 2005
Cultural expectations provide meaning to human perceptions of who-does-what-to-whom-where. However, the effects of actions directed at oneself have been much less systematically studied. This article replicates the American factorial design of Britt and Heise (1992) in a Japanese setting. The analysis demonstrates both cultural similarities and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Expectation, Cross Cultural Studies, Cultural Differences
