This paper offers alternative information about challenges faced by geography teachers in implementing online learning during the first wave of COVID-19 outbreaks in Indonesia. This paper is based on the experiences of teachers from various regions in Indonesia. First, the authors describe how online teaching and learning are performed by…

This article focuses on the effect of the COVID-19 crisis on education systems in Indonesia. It describes and illuminates various curricular responses, from nation-based actions to policies by the office of the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. The article asks: How does the COVID-19 crisis affect education systems,…

Purpose: Previous research examined the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in various fields including engineering (Alhalabi, 2016), the military (Webster, 2016), robotic surgery (Bric et al., 2016; Francis et al., 2020), firefighters (Çakiroglu and Gökoglu, 2019), negotiation training (Ding et al., 2020), health-care training (Chow et al.,…

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced students across Indonesia to study from home. As of September 11, 2020, Indonesia has reported more than 210,000 cases, the second highest in Southeast Asia. The pandemic and the obstacle of online learning caused the Indonesian government to take some action. The chronology of the education policy and online…

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced educational institutions to adjust their learning process to distance education or online learning. This paper explains how to teach optics during the COVID-19 pandemic by implementing project-based learning that can be supervised online. Students are instructed to design, characterize, and optimize droplet lenses…

The health emergency has stress-tested the education systems. What has been learned from the experience? And how can that be applied to lessons while seeking to ensure that 'building back better' is an evidence-informed undertaking? In this report, the authors identify ten lessons from the crisis of 2020-2021 that should be used to inform planning…

COVID-19 pandemic has affected many sectors of life including education. Many countries had implemented the policy on distance learning. Distance education denotes the physical separation of the learner from the instructor, both by time and space. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) including online media are used to bridge the…