This paper, based on 14 case studies of schools situated in six local urban spaces (within the urban agglomerations of Budapest, Charleroi, Lille, Lisbon, London and the Creteil/Paris region), will analyse the internal logics of action of these schools and show that they are conditioned by the interaction between internal (school narrative…

No country in Europe, with the exception of France, provides specially designed professional preservice programs to prepare educational administrators. This is partly because administrators have little power, being controlled at one level by central politicians and administrators and at the institutional level by teachers and teacher unions.…

In France, the 1882 Compulsory Education Act includes both French and foreign children. Since then, the need to go further than this general principle of non-discrimination and to undertake specific action for immigrants, both adults and children, has been recognized. Since 1970, the Ministry of Education has been directly responsible for this…