Ever since reform, opening up, and the development of the market economy, teacher attrition has reached an alarming proportion. In Liaoning province, more than 6,300 or 50 percent of the teachers either took early retirement or changed careers between 1979 and 1985. As a result, secondary and elementary schools in some regions have not been able…

Teachers are where the major strength of organizational control lies in the educational process; it is mainly they who restrict the quality of education and teaching and who are the irreplaceable factor in determining how well a school is run and its overall image. Therefore, once a teacher drain from higher education institutions begins, it is…