Sociolinguistic data are presented in the form of sophisticated maps and tables in this pioneering study on the status of the Basque language. Based on information collected from the 1986 census, the major demographic characteristics of Basque are examined in order to ascertain the factors and processes that have contributed to its current status. Detailed province-by-province, community-by-community data on Basque speakers are presented, analyzing such variables as age and social/professional class. It is expected that the results of this study will be used to plan language policy in the region. (KM)