Stresses the importance for counselors of understanding the Japanese American subculture's history and attributes. Reviews problems in perceiving the Japanese across cultures and in America and offers some solutions for counselors to aid them in their dealings with Japanese American clients. (BH)

For a number of years, Kent Sakoda has been teaching at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa in the Department of Second Language Studies. His course, "Pidgin and Creole English in Hawai'i," is popular among students on campus. He has also taught at Hawai'i Pacific University. Because of his expertise on the grammar of Pidgin (Hawai'i…

Presents a biography of Mine Okubo, a prolific Japanese-American artist who was among the thousands of Japanese imprisoned in "relocation camps" during World War II. Provides insights into Ms. Okubo's philosophy as well as the phases of her art, emphasizing her role as a living repository and documentor of Japanese-American history. (JDH)

For one Sansei (third-generation Japanese American) university student who had been brought up by her Japanese grandparents, questions of who she was and how much upbringing and personal experiences had molded her were with her constantly. She questioned how much of her grandfather's and her mother's high expectations had to do with her lack of…

Explores the managerial behavior of sansei, third-generation Japanese-Americans, which directly conforms to neither Western nor native Japanese models, but which contains identifiable elements of each. (BJV)

A study of the current status of Japanese Americans is divided into three sections. Following a brief introduction, a background section provides an overview of Japanese American history, population size and socioeconomic measures, and selected social characteristics. A second section looks in greater depth at socioeconomic status as reported in…

Discusses important aspects of providing counseling to older Japanese American clients, including ethical issues based on cultural differences and nontraditional approaches to counseling. Examines unique historical and cultural characteristics of these clients. Includes 26 citations. (Author/CRR)

Following the Japanese attack on the US naval base at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the nation was thrown into a state of fear and hysteria. On February 19, 1942, President Roosevelt issued Executive Order No. 9066 which resulted in more than 120,000 persons of Japanese ancestry being either interned in relocation centers, drafted, or…

Briefly reviews the purposes of law-related education in social studies and demonstrates how these may be achieved through historical case studies. Illustrates this point with various events surrounding the experience of Japanese Canadians during World War II. Includes primary source documents and two photographs. (JDH)

Many Americans do not distinguish between American citizens of Japanese descent and Japanese nationals, and continue to project stereotyped, and often negative, attitudes toward the Japanese people onto this American ethnic group. American society must work to eliminate this kind of discrimination against Japanese Americans. (Author/MJL)

It is held that Japanese American poetry has most often been seen as a social and political, rather than aesthetic or spiritual expression. In an effort to integrate these two dimensions, psychological, philosophical, and artistic elements of the Japanese American experience are explored. (GC)

In this article, the author attempts to connect two events--the wartime incarceration of the Japanese Americans and Americans' contemporary regret for that action--in a narrative that also tries to answer the most difficult kind of question that a historian can ask: How does change occur? How did it come about that what had been a popular wartime…

This paper questions the applicability of middleman minority theory to Chinese and Japanese Americans. The constructional elements of the theory, in its American form, are analyzed in the context of Chinese and Japanese American economic, social, and political conditions. The ethnic group triad (elite-middleman minority-masses) is identified and…

Analyzes how Filipinos, working under a stratified polyethnic system which treated Whites, Native American Indians, Japanese, and Filipinos differently, were able to establish a permanent agricultural community in the Yakima Valley before World War II. (LHW)

Examines the uprooting of Japanese Americans during World War II as portrayed in children's/young adult literature. Discovers the triumph of the spirit of the survivors and replaces suppressed images with empowering ones. Considers stories and narratives in literature as a resource through which readers might shape their understanding of the…