Describes ways in which several successful teachers of Black children in Canada and the United States use Caribbean and/or Black English, rhythmic speech, and music already familiar to Black children to reinforce the child's identity while providing a bridge from home to the dominant culture. (DM)

Examines the reasons and myths surrounding the Ebonics controversy, which concerns the use of the English dialect spoken by many African-American children in Oakland, California, schools as a strategy for teaching Standard American English. Implications for diagnosing and educating special-education students whose primary dialect is Ebonics are…

This article focuses on the particular challenges, choices, and celebrations relevant to teaching in an urban setting. The speech of African American students is described as rich and reflective of the African American oral tradition. The article also discusses the meaning, rules and the evolution of African American English.

Many linguists, sociologists, and educators see the nonstandard form of speech used by African-American students as a substandard, imperfect copy of Standard English (SE), marred by a number of careless and ignorant errors, rather than as something to be studied and understood in its own right. Many African-American college students continue to…

This paper examines the importance of teaching about non-standard dialect awareness in English departments, focusing on African American Vernacular English (AAVE). The paper asserts that it is the job of teachers to present students with appropriate knowledge about language and to raise awareness of nonstandard dialects, rather than perpetuate…

In this article, pedagogical problems in adapting second language teaching techniques for teaching standard English to speakers of Ebonics are discussed. Suggestions for improving teacher training programs are made. (Author/MC)

Discusses the place of nonstandard language in the English curriculum. Summarizes one speech instructor's attempt to locate a connection between black English and middle class white suburban language patterns. Shows how speech teachers can help students become aware of their own speech patterns. (HB)

To be culturally valid, the characteristics identified by dialectologists as distinctive of black English must correspond to the terms members of the black community use to characterize their speech. Not all of the patterns that characterize black English within the dialectal framework are equal in their social or ethnic significance--the speech…

Examination of representative stories told by black American children of West African descent in South Carolina shows that specific cultural motifs have been preserved in the oral tradition of black communities. Typical stories are tales of the supernatural, such as the Hag story about mortals who shed their skin at night to do evil deeds.…

The unjustified assumption that black children have limited verbal or articulation skills stems from the fact that blacks use figurative, nonliteral, and nonstandard language in the classroom. The language that most disadvantaged blacks learn at home and bring to the classroom is a restricted form born out of poverty and limited exposure to good…

Much of the language and many constructs used in testing and assessment must be redefined in order for testing instruments to be valid for use with children of African-American descent. These children are products of unique linguistic environments. Current educational assessment tools are insensitive to the cultural-linguistic diversity of the…

Links between language and identity are so strong that attempts to correct nonstandard speech are likely to be interpreted by West Indian children as criticism or rejection. A far more constructive approach would be to acknowledge and accept Creole in the classroom. (Author)

Enumerates the value and benefits of the black oral tradition, and describes the typical organization and identifying characteristics of American black folktales. Stresses the importance of "telling the tell," or storytelling, for children and adults to maintain family traditions and remember shared heritage. (SKC)

The Martin Luther King case established a legal mandate requiring school systems to identify, assess, and remedy educational problems associated with the use of nonstandard English dialects, casual or otherwise, by minority group children. (Author/MLF)

Teachers play an important role in disadvantaged Black children's development of language and language usage. For the best results in reading instruction, teachers must (1) create a warm environment, (2) understand the potential for different interpretations of written materials by disadvantaged Black students, and (3) use the children's language…