Anthetic dialogue, an adaptation of gestalt empty chair method, identifies negative messages from counseling clients' inner critics. These dysfunctional beliefs can then be addressed by cognitive restructuring. (SK)

Self-efficacy is critical to sustained performance. Five ways to strengthen it are performance mastery, task-diagnostic feedback, modeling, social persuasion, and inference from physiological information. (SK)

Four sources of self-efficacy than can be useful in career counseling are enactive attainments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological arousal. Self-efficacy interventions may benefit women, minorities, and disadvantaged individuals. The Career Search Self-Efficacy Scale is a useful instrument for such interventions. (SK)

The Career Decision Making Self Efficacy Scale is based on self-efficacy and career maturity theories and research showing the strong relationship of career self-efficacy to career indecision. The scale is useful in designing and evaluating education and counseling interventions intended to increase perceptions of self-efficacy. (SK)

Research evidence that well-executed formative assessment raises achievement and enhances motivation and autonomy has influenced policy and practice in schools and universities in the United Kingdom. Formative assessment is also built into the aims and assessment activities of outcome-based qualifications in post-compulsory education. Behind these…

Introduces concepts in support of technology having potential to revitalize alcohol education efforts. Sees Bandura's self-efficacy theory as offering direction for reconceptualizing design of prevention programs and measurement of program effects. Describes computer-assisted instruction program integrating computer-assisted instruction and…

Describes the development and revision of the Career Barriers Inventory. Explains how the construct of perceived barriers relates to the social cognition model of career development, which states that self-efficacy and expectations play a central role in career choice. (SK)

Presents a rationale for the development of the Task-Specific Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale and studies that have investigated its psychometric attributes. Describes it as a tool for identifying career areas in which individuals see themselves as strong and areas in which self-perception indicates lower self-efficacy beliefs. (SK)

Analyzes the tension between the traditional foundation of efficacy in teaching mathematics and current reform efforts in mathematics education. Presents suggestions for research to chart the development of, and change in, mathematics teachers' sense of efficacy. Contains 56 references. (Author/MKR)

The current perspective of autonomous learning defines it as the agentive exhibition of resourcefulness, initiative, and persistence in self-directed learning. As a form of human agency, it has been argued in the literature that this perspective should be consistent with Bandura's (1986) Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). The purpose of this article…

This article describes the components of a scholar identity and sets forth two propositions: (1) Black and Hispanic males are more likely to achieve academically when they have a scholar identity; and (2) Black and Hispanic males are more likely to be viewed as gifted if they achieve at higher levels. Both of these propositions have clear…

Progress Files have been set by the government as a specific element of all higher education provision in England and "should consist of two elements: a transcript recording student achievement which should follow a common format devised by institutions collectively through their representative bodies; and a means by which students can …

In social learning theory, perception of self-efficacy derives from accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological states. Four corresponding instructional methods (practice, modeling, suggestion, climate setting) can be designed to ensure transfer of learning. (SK)

Considers how a person unaware of the text and choosing not to make meaning from it obtains little comprehension. Examines a motivational-cognitive model of reading that contributes to text comprehension. Notes that the motivational process is divided into five parts: (1) Task Mastery Goals; (2) Intrinsic Motivation; (3) Self-Efficacy; (4)…

In this document the author provides a brief overview of A. Bandura's self-efficacy theory. The author also provides a discussion of the value of this theory to career counselors, which includes particularly useful features of the concept of self-efficacy and suggestions for its application in career assessment and counseling, with a special focus…