In this article, the author observes that while university officials believe that strategic planning will help them look past the day-to-day housekeeping and meet the challenges of a volatile environment, much of such planning appears mired in competitive self-replication and is vulnerable to distrust from the public and government. Too often, the…

Recognizing that value involves experiencing pleasure or pain is critical to understanding the psychology of value. But hedonic experience is not enough. I propose that it is also necessary to recognize that strength of engagement can contribute to experienced value through its contribution to the experience of motivational force--an experience of…

Client orientation should be an individualized, ongoing process which provides not only information about rehabilitation programs and services but also encourages and ensures the individual's involvement and participation in his or her own program. Ten guidelines to be considered in developing client orientation programs are (1) providing…

A model that includes three distinct syllabi for orientation courses for different subgroups of the college or university freshman population is presented. Among the groups with special needs are underprepared students who may be motivated but need skill development, and underachieving students characterized by untapped potential. One means of…

Outlines nine tasks comprising the most significant leadership functions, including envisioning goals, affirming values, motivating others, managing, achieving workable unity, explaining and teaching, serving as a symbol, representing the group, and renewing the system to enhance its future. (MLH)

Like so many areas of human endeavor, the roots of our athletic heritage are etched in ancient Greek history. The Greeks placed an enormous importance on winning in athletics--so much so that no recognition was given to second place. To be taught to win is no sin. (MT)

A recent article by Nicholls on achievement motivation is criticized on three points: (1) definitions of achievement motives are ambiguous; (2) behavioral consequences predicted do not follow from explicit theoretical assumptions; and (3) Nicholls's account of the relation between his theory and other achievement theories is factually incorrect.…

The author replies to criticism of his interpretation of achievement motivation. A distinction between goals of demonstrating and developing ability cannot be made in task involvement. Attempts to extend the author's theory by adding this distinction suffer from a failure to predict when these different goals will predominate. (Author/LMO)

Presents a method for socializing trainees into the learning environment, including a model of organizational socialization, applications in training, and instruments for assessing socialization. (SK)

The Model for the Conception of Competition is offered as a means of discovering problems and solutions surrounding competition. Distinctions are made between existing definitions, and insight into how competition relates to human life and cosmic interaction is given. Survival, mastery, and transcendence, modes of psychological thought, are…

This article focuses on the problems affecting needs assessment and, in doing so, addresses itself to the inadequate definition of needs, administrators' lack of training, difficulty of obtaining relevant literature, expense, methodological concerns, and political considerations. (Author/SSH)

The author discusses the advantages of student self-government and describes the work of student committees at Belper High School, Derbyshire, in setting up a student coffee shop, planning school sports, and orienting new students. (SJL)

A fair amount is known about what first-generation students need to succeed, but some mysteries remain. The author's research provides some insight on why certain students make it and others do not. (GCP)

Claims that contemporary moral development theory follows pathways laid down by Kant. Defines formalists and altruists, claiming that both interpret the moral domain too narrowly. Proposes a character-based redefinition that reintegrates moral development with the development of the self (Eudaimonism, or "human flourishing") and of…

Scientists should reconsider traditional empirical and theoretical paradigms that narrowly define sexual-minority adolescents in terms of those who adopt a culturally defined sexual identity label such as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. This will lead to a different understanding of sexual-minority youths than is apparent in most published studies.…