Argues that the National Science Education Standards is an atheoretical document because it fails to prescribe scientific theories worth knowing, define the role of scientific theories in scientific literacy, or outline a framework to conduct research on the inquiry method. (DDR)

Policymakers are placing tremendous faith in assessment, a technology with many limitations. Assessment-driven improvement policy uses mandatory testing to leverage desired change, but it narrows the curriculum, punishes teachers for things beyond their control, expands bureaucracy, and does not work. Alternative strategies for school leaders are…

Paulo Freire developed critical pedagogy in Brazil in the 1960s to teach illiterate adults (or, as Freire calls them, "the oppressed") to read. Freire believed that teaching was a conversational exchange of information between the teacher and the student. He posed questions and problems to his students that caused them to take what they already…

The preparation of teachers in any discipline is a complex enterprise with an array of stakeholders serving as gatekeepers. In the May "Kappan", Sam Wineburg focused his analysis of the preparation of social studies teachers on the curriculum standards of the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) and on the teacher preparation…

Whatever has happened to using teacher observation as an approach to assess student achievement? Presently, the emphasis is upon state mandated testing to ascertain student progress. Much is written in educational journals about having students achieve No Child Left Behind (NCLB) federal and state standards, signed into law in 2002. Much drill is…

This is the first part of a two-part position paper, updating an 1986 position statement, developed by the Illinois Art Education Association for the elementary, middle-level, and secondary schools in the state of Illinois. Part 1, the "Introductory Statement," highlights the contemporary context of educational reform as an opportunity…

The article examines the recent redesign of the processes and standards of the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education from the perspective of the history of efforts to establish national standards for teacher education in the United States. Lessons and possible pitfalls for these continuing efforts are drawn, based on challeges…

This paper presents a "recorded history" of national leadership standards, a critique of that history, along with a conceptual framework for how the national standards movement is viewed. The analysis offers a deconstruction of the recorded history, emphasizing the specific events surrounding the spread of educational leadership standards. A…

Contains eight articles describing the implementation and outcomes of National Qualifications Frameworks (NQF) in Scotland, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and France. Topics include NQF as a global phenomenon, neoliberal influences, and epistemological issues. (SK)

The article discusses the recent history of development in accountability in a variety of educational settings, focusing on the national standards for educational achievement and the complexity of problems in setting those standards. The article highlights student diversity, cultural pluralism, and the development of equitable systems of…

Standards in art education contradict the nature of art: the unexpected, the imagined, the explorations and creative discoveries. What must be communicated is the importance of the arts and aesthetic education, the nurture of informed understanding of art, and meaningful standards that emerge intrinsically and are not imposed extrinsically (SK)

The language minority label masks the complex linguistic and educational needs of the labeled groups. Equity and assessment issues and knowledge about language-minority education must inform standards. National standards must not be used as a tool of opposition to cultural and linguistic diversity. (SK)

Discusses the Standards Project for English Language Arts, an attempt to reform English instruction which potentially could engender broad, rapid changes in language arts instruction. Describes recent instructional innovations in which the author has participated, including mass media and multicultural instruction. (HB)

Cautions that Year 3 and Year 5 Literacy Benchmarks, which set minimum literacy and numeracy standards for all Australian students, can measure but cannot transform student outcomes. Calls upon English professionals to put forth constructive suggestions for effective teaching methods that will enable students to reach the required goals. (NH)

Examines current debates about educational standards, accountability, and school reform from the perspective of Deci and Ryan's Self-Determination Theory. Research reveals various perils associated with rigid standards, narrow accountability, and tangible sanctions that can debase student and teacher motivation and performance. Alternative…