This strategic research plan presents the state of knowledge and research needs and opportunities in the area of communication disorders. It is designed to guide the decision-making processes of the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), to inform scientific investigators of possible areas of opportunity for NIDCD-funded research, and to provide information on what the Federal Government has achieved and hopes to achieve. The plan is the collaborative result of a task force of over 100 U.S. experts in clinical and basic science from a broad variety of specialties in deafness and other communication disorders. Following an executive summary, seven areas of communication disorders are discussed: deafness and hearing disorders; balance and the vestibular system; voice and voice disorders; speech and speech disorders; language and language impairments; smell, taste, and touch; and cross-cutting issues. Chapters for each of the seven areas generally provide an overview, recent accomplishments, program goals, research opportunities or priorities, and a summary of research recommendations. Appendices contain the text of Public Law 100-553 which authorized the NIDCD; a list of individuals involved in production of the research plan; comments by reviewing organizations; and a comprehensive program of research on deafness and hearing disorders. (JDD)