Interest in recent years has centered on the purposes, forms, effects, and magnitude of private sector training of employees. Demand for detailed and accurate information on these subjects has arisen within idustry itself, within government agencies, education and research institutions, and organized labor. This monograph is an attempt to supply a description of such private sector training efforts. Included in this monograph are an examination of the role of employer-provided education and training viewed as a part of the total skill acquisition structure; a description of the needs and motivations for employer-sponsored training; important new estimates of the amounts being spent on various kinds of training; a discussion of new challenges and problems industry-provided education and training is being called upon to meet; and finally, a discussion of the role the government has exercised and should be expected to take in enhancing the ability of industry education and training to meet these new challenges. Of the many findings and recommendations contained in this study, one of the strongest is the case made for developing record keeping in the education and training area. (KC)