Uses the example of New York State to illustrate how the rancorous political debate over education can render national standards irrelevant and contradictory. In appeasing so many factions the standards become inclusive to the point of obfuscation. Provides a brief overview of the controversy concerning national standards. (MJP)

In accordance with legislative mandate, the Office of the Chancellor for California Community Colleges is seeking to develop principles and policies regarding credit/noncredit courses. This progress report outlines six principles on credit/noncredit determination which include the requirements that: (1) credit/noncredit status be determined by…

The philosophical, legal, moral, economic, and empirical bases supporting educating teachers to teach both typically and atypically developing infants, toddlers, and preschoolers and to work with their families are presented. Content for such integrated teacher education curricula and certification standards are recommended. Efforts by…