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English, Fenwick W. – International Journal of Leadership in Education, 2000
The Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium Standards are ambiguous and empirically insupportable. "Professional consensus" does not equal epistemology. Administrators licensed for practice in the 21st century will resemble secular Jesuits following an ideological agenda that exceeds the science left behind in the pragmatic…
Descriptors: Consortia, Elementary Secondary Education, Ideology, Professional Autonomy

Greenstein, Shane M. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1992
Outlines the economic factors that influence the development of standards, noting that standards may develop through market mechanisms, organizations that combine market participants, and government guidance. Each of these mechanisms may produce desirable outcomes or distort them, depending on market structure, chance, historical events, and costs…
Descriptors: Consortia, Cooperation, Economic Factors, Free Enterprise System

Weiss, Martin; Cargill, Carl – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1992
Both a classification of the relatively new standards-setting consortia and a theoretical basis for their emergence are developed. It is noted that the theory is based on the confluence of political theory and the theory of markets, and the implications of these consortia for the standards-setting process are considered from theoretical and…
Descriptors: Classification, Computer Networks, Consortia, Free Enterprise System

Eisner, John – Journal of Dental Education, 1992
Strategies that can be used by the dental education profession to develop instructional and information technologies to support curricular reform are proposed. Focus is on strategies that can be successful in a period of scarce institutional resources. Issues discussed include selecting initiatives, technology standards, intellectual property,…
Descriptors: Computer Software, Computers, Consortia, Curriculum Development