During the late twentieth century, Kanaka Maoli have struggled to push back against these representations, offering a rewriting of Hawaiian history, quite literally. Infused by Hawaiian nationalism and a growing library of works that investigate the naturalization of American colonialism in Hawai'i, innovative Kanaka Maoli representations in the…

Examines the image of women as depicted in the literature of Africa and the Caribbean. Suggests that in the literature of both cultures, women are shown to be self-assertive and in control of their lives, but they are ultimately assessed on their success as wives and mothers. (Author/MJL)

The dynamism of Africa's role in world history, recent work in African economic history, the role of women, and the African colonial period are discussed. Various aspects of this history can be integrated easily into existing social studies courses. (RM)