The recently revised NAEYC position papers and the fourth edition of NAEYC's Developmentally Appropriate Guidelines (NAEYC. 2022. "Developmentally Appropriate Practice in Early Childhood Programs: Serving Children from Birth through Age 8," edited by S. Friedman, 4th ed. Washington: National Association for the Education of Young…

As a result of massification of higher education and the quest for competitiveness, the Taiwanese government has adopted a series of higher education reforms since the late 1990s. While the low birthrate has become a potential threat, recent developments in higher education policies such as the Program for Developing First-Class Universities and…

This paper is concerned with the experiences of Muslim students attending secondary schools and an elite university in England. The research explores how Muslim young men's identities are defined by their social and cultural locations. It is argued that identity is multi-dimensional. It intersects and overlaps with several categories of difference…

Cross-sectional frameworks, or between-group approaches, in quantitative research in higher education have limitations that hinder what we know about the intersection of race and educational opportunities and outcomes. (Contains 5 figures.)

Analyzes the practice of race norming (adapting test scores on the basis of race/ethnicity) and its justification. Outlines the background of the Civil Rights Act of 1991, which prohibited race norming, and considers future implications for recruitment and selection. (SK)

Ten executives of color discuss the state of equal opportunities in the workplace and the existence of institutional racism. They conclude that there have been few successes and too little change for the length of time the struggle has gone on. (SK)

Explores the importance of race in the United States as a means to questioning the necessity of affirmative-action laws. Presents different perspectives on the pros and cons of affirmative action in hiring practices and educational admissions. Asserts that the laws prohibiting affirmative action in Washington and California demonstrate the…

Introductory comments for a seminar on the Bakke decision and implications for the issue of equity of access are presented. It is suggested that before the Bakke case public support for affirmative action admissions programs was diminishing; and that if affirmative action had continued as it was being operated, its negative effects may have been…

The "Brown v. Board of Education" of 50 years ago was perhaps the most significant school reform implemented in American education. The goal of this landmark decision was to end public school segregation and introduce racially integrated schools. Now in the 21st century and clearly in the shadows of this decision, we argue that the hope…

The question of how graduate schools can include race as an admission criteria and give equitable treatment in admissions decisions is addressed by considering some aspects of the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) scores and the use and misuse of test scores in admissions procedures. The GRE is used in admissions procedures to prove an…

Many educational and employment problems of racial minorities, women, older adults, and the handicapped are associated with equity, discrimination, and equality. In economics, the concept of equity and its relevance to employment and education can best be understood through an analysis of two labor market theories. The theory of human capital sees…

In a survey of Black and White women managers, Linda M. Hite identifies differences in the managers' perceptions of opportunities available to different race and gender groups. Her findings reveal divergent beliefs about the opportunities for people of color; there is more similarity in Black and White women's views when comparing opportunities…

Perspectives on the Bakke Supreme Court decision are considered. It is claimed that some of the distortions in the public perception of the Bakke case are the responsibility of the media coverage. Although the Court said that race may be a factor in the admissions process, many people, with the effect of headlines of "Bakke Wins," think…

The experimental development of occupational classifications based on regularities of movement of workers among jobs has recently been suggested to assist in placing job seekers into available jobs by A. R. Miller and others in "The Dictionary of Occupational Titles: A Critical Review," 1980. The potential of mobility-based classifications is…

Perspectives on the Supreme Court's decision in Bakke are considered. It is suggested that the decision was like a remand to the nation and especially to the universities to try to devise and work toward affirmative action programs within certain parameters. Justice Powell gives the schools a great degree of latitude but does give guidance for the…