Descriptor
Publication Type
Journal Articles | 4 |
Opinion Papers | 4 |
Guides - Non-Classroom | 1 |
Information Analyses | 1 |
Education Level
Elementary Secondary Education | 1 |
Grade 7 | 1 |
Grade 8 | 1 |
Grade 9 | 1 |
Middle Schools | 1 |
Secondary Education | 1 |
Audience
Administrators | 1 |
Teachers | 1 |
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
What Works Clearinghouse Rating

Gough, Philip B. – Journal of Research in Reading, 1995
Distinguishes between two meanings of literacy that have been conflated: the ability to read and write, and the broader concept of being educated. Presents three arguments: literacy is not social; literacy is not political; and the comprehension part of literacy is a relative matter, while the ability to decode is not. (RS)
Descriptors: Decoding (Reading), Definitions, Elementary Education, Literacy

Freebody, Peter – English in Australia, 1998
Comments on development of literacy "benchmarks" by the Commonwealth Government. Suggests that the benchmarks (1) will prove a highly productive discursive (and thus financial) context for some researchers, assessment organizations, and professional development teams; and (2) are a product of the melodrama of crisis, having no foundation…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Foreign Countries, Literacy, National Standards

Allingham, Philip V. – English Quarterly, 2000
Suggests that Canada's public education system continues to successfully enculturate and educate students of varying abilities and vocational aspirations. Claims that if the Ontario Literacy Test succeeds in undermining public confidence in the present system, the Harris government will have set the stage for the system's demise by creating a…
Descriptors: Accountability, Achievement Tests, Government Role, Government School Relationship
Phillips, Melvina – Principal Leadership, 2004
Practices for improving adolescent literacy--which includes reading, writing, and speaking--are much discussed and debated among secondary school educators and researchers. At Discovery Middle School in Madison, Alabama, the debate has ended after teachers and administrators implemented several practices that elevated student achievement from…
Descriptors: Writing Achievement, Writing Evaluation, Writing Tests, Middle Schools