Osteoporosis and osteopenia are conditions under which the bodies creation of new bone tissue does not sufficiently match the degradation rate of existing bone. Both conditions are characterized by low bone mineral density, deterioration of bone tissue, and disruption of bone microarchitecture. Osteopenia is often considered a precursor to…

Media provides a material site for girls' identity formation and presents conflicting images of femininity, which challenge young women's self-expression and physicality development. The "problem" with girls' physicality has not been resolved, but rather complicated by discourses of new femininities in sport, fitness and health promoted…

This article examines the career of Flora White, who operated a school for girls in Concord, Massachusetts (USA) from 1897 to 1914. The school promoted individualised learning and physical activity for young women. Its programme of female exercise and sports ran counter to prevailing scholarly, medical, and popular opinion in the US. White faced…

Information from feminist physical educators helps examine relationships between theoretical debates in feminism and feminist practice in secondary schools. The article discusses debates over equality, how theoretical struggles between feminists are handled in sport and physical education, and how calls for equality are understood as calls for…

In this article, the author discusses the importance of physical education teachers' link to their past and to their sense of connection with their professional family, National Association for Physical Education in Higher Education (NAPEHE). She relates how she traces her physical lineage directly back to Amy Morris Homans through her…

Physical education today is a discipline defined by men and seen largely as a male domain in which women are regarded as physically inferior. The dominant male ideology has established the physical standards for women which has the effect of preventing most women from feeling good about their bodies. With the recent rapid growth of women's…

Considers constructs and operation of homophobic discourse surrounding female athletes, employing Foucauldian notions of discipline and discourse and feminist critiques of the gendered body to depict female athletes as nonconformist to the discipline of femininity. The paper argues that homophobic discourse exists in response to this nonconformity…

This article offers an analysis of the status of women in research in the physical education profession. Various studies are cited that review the status of women in administration, representation or involvement in academic journals, and effects of mentor-protegee relationships. (DF)

A survey examined and compared employment of males and females in athletic and physical education positions in Florida public high schools during pre- and post-Title IX years. Employment analyses included athletic directors, coaches, physical education teachers, and chairpersons. Results showed no significant gains for females in these areas. (JMK)

The Victorian concept that women would sacrifice their femininity by participating in vigorous sports has to some extent been ameliorated, but vestiges of the bias remain today. This attitude was not based on hostility toward women but on overprotectiveness and concern for imagined dangers for the health of women, whose prime function in society…

While contemporary society struggles with redefining the role of women, college women in sports are learning the same social lesson from sports that men have learned for years (aggressiveness, cooperation, and the ability to take both physical and emotional hardship and recover). (MLW)

Since Title IX was enacted in 1975, schools have been liberalizing physical education in both elementary and secondary grades. Despite some initial wariness and low participation rates, mixed physical education classes continue to grow and improve. (EB)

To effectively interact with their students, leaders and teachers in sport and physical activity must be familiar with their students' cultural backgrounds. This collection of articles discusses how women of color deal with and have been affected by their racial and ethnic identities in relationship to physical activity and sport. (SM)

The purpose of this study was to assemble a profile of the status of women in four countries, including their accomplishments in international sports events. The status of women within a country must be defined and understood before equivalence in sport opportunities for males and females can be comprehended. The first hypothesis was that a lack…

Explores the pursuit of equal opportunity for girls in school physical education through liberal reform strategies. Addresses ways in which unequal power relations between the sexes have pervaded the structure, organization, and language of high school physical education. British Columbia's new Physical Education Curriculum 2000 is offered as a…