This state-of-the-art paper is centered on bilingual education teachers' linguistic qualifications with special reference to Spanish competencies needed to meet the needs of emergent bilingual education learners in the U.S. The paper spans over a forty-year period drawing on the experiences and related publications of the principal author…

Mayer and Trezek offer a rejoinder to an article by Scott, Dostal, and Lane-Outlaw in which Scott et al. challenge the findings and conclusions of a literature review by Mayer and Trezek published in the Winter 2020 "American Annals of the Deaf." Both the rejoinder and the article by Scott et al. appear in the "Annals'" Spring…

Scott, Dostal, and Lane-Outlaw challenge findings and conclusions from a literature review by Mayer and Trezek [EJ1269623] regarding the literacy achievement of deaf children who are educated in schools and programs that espouse bilingual ASL/English instruction. Mayer and Trezek's article appeared in the Winter 2020 "American Annals of the…

During the first half of 2017, four scholars who know English-medium instruction (EMI) well and view it from different perspectives took part in a round-robin exchange. The forum contributors answered six sets of questions on aspects of EMI: defining terms; learning English in an EMI environment; the political or policy framework; learning a…

The Summer 2013 issue of "Voices in Urban Education" presents an interview with Dania Vazquez, founding principal of the Margarita Muñiz Academy, a Boston public high school offering dual-language education in Spanish and English. The first dual-language high school in Massachusetts, this Innovation School opened in the fall of 2012 with…

Located in East Oakland, Bridges Academy serves nearly 430 students, the majority of whom are Spanish speakers. Students who are considered socio-economically disadvantaged comprise 98% of the population and English Learners make up 83%. The school also hosts one of Oakland Unified School District's (OUSD) bilingual programs. In 2016, Bridges…

Examines an exemplary bilingual program in Albuquerque, New Mexico and examines patterns of classroom literacy, including the role of written Spanish and the values it represents. (DF)

For more than a century, educators have recognized the low academic achievement of deaf children in America. Teacher training programs in deaf education historically have emphasized medical-pathological views of deaf people and deaf education rather than appropriate pedagogies that draw upon and build on deaf students' linguistic and cultural …

In response to the movement to declare English the official language of the United States (by state legislation/ballot initiative or federal constitutional amendment), this pamphlet addresses commonly raised issues in the debate over language legislation in the United States. The paper urges the reader to reject the Official English/English Only…

Discusses the importance of improving bilingual education in Hong Kong. Concentrating on the secondary level, seven models of bilingual education are examined along with the pre-conditions for successful implementation. Advocates proficiency examinations as a prerequisite for entering courses taught in English and supports development of bilingual…

Encourages language teachers to continue in their efforts in promoting bilingualism in Canada. (AM)

Suggests that racism may be the motivation for the English-only laws passed in 18 states. Cites studies showing the benefits of bilingual education over English immersion. Concludes that the English-only movement would impede the delivery of psychological, educational, psychometric, and health services for many American residents. (DM)

Recent studies of American Indian dialects of English have focused on efforts to determine whether the sources of such dialectal variation lie in interference from the native languages or in developmental errors in the acquisition of English. The implication of both assumptions is that educational intervention and the passage of time can eradicate…

Discusses language legislation in Canada where French and English are both official languages, and in Quebec province where French has been declared the sole official language. Outlines the conflicts and the impact of these differing laws on Quebec, its population, and its relations with the rest of Canada. (JMF)

Despite its multilingual heritage, the USA has a history of linguistic intolerance. Arizona, in the country's desert Southwest, is decidedly anti-bilingual although it has significant non-English-speaking groups, especially Spanish-speaking Mexicans/Mexican-Americans and indigenous groups such as the Navajo, Hopi and Yaqui tribes, among many…