As a result of massification of higher education and the quest for competitiveness, the Taiwanese government has adopted a series of higher education reforms since the late 1990s. While the low birthrate has become a potential threat, recent developments in higher education policies such as the Program for Developing First-Class Universities and…

The recent response by Anthony Carnevale et al. to the authors' analysis of the fundamental shortcomings associated with their predictions of widespread college labor shortages focuses on three areas. First, Anthony Carnevale et al. suggest that the authors are educational Luddites by noting in the title of their response that the authors believe…

Following a review of seven arguments regarding the performance of meaningful work in nonsheltered environments for something other than direct pay, the authors assert that the issue of direct pay should not be a barrier to integrated work opportunities for severely retarded adults. (CL)

Gender discrimination and wage inequity remain problems worldwide. In the United States and Canada, where equal rights and protective legislation have been in place for nearly 40 years, glaring disparities in salaries and job opportunities remain. Similar problems have been studied in the United Kingdom, leading to enactment of the 1975 Sex…

This Congressional report contains the testimony given at a hearing pertaining to passage of the Youth Employment Opportunity Wage Act of 1985. (The act, which would terminate in September 1987, would authorize an employer to pay a subminimum, "youth employment opportunity wage" to a person under 20 years of age.) Included among those…

Drawing on the Young Men's Cohort of the National Longitudinal Surveys, this study examines the long-run effects of teenage labor market experience on subsequent adult wages. The study expands on earlier work by considering the effects of both unemployment and job mobility during the period of transition from school to work. (Author/SSH)

The paper responds to L. Brown's proposal for extended training without pay in integrated settings for adults with severe intellectual handicaps. While agreeing with several tenents, the authors believe that Brown's extended training proposal represents an unnecesary retreat from values that have guided development of exemplary school and…

Models of aggregate production are estimated and used to investigate the effects of changes in labor force composition on the recently observed decline in the earnings of college graduates relative to other workers and on the fall in the earnings of younger workers relative to older workers. (Author/SSH)

Questions whether sex-role attitudes raised income in Acock and Edwards' sample (1982:587) and provides evidence which supports the thesis that occupational structure (not attitudes) determines female income. Concluded that the current challenge for sociologists appears to lie in finding and exploring the middle ground between these two…

Evidence suggests that office workers' salaries are comparable to those of other occupations that do not require postsecondary education and that clerical workers enjoy a high degree of job security. It is important that students be given information on where jobs are and will be and what income level to expect. (JOW)

Women continue to work longer hours for less pay and in worse jobs than men in every country in the world. An International Labour Organization report highlights serious discrimination in job opportunities and working conditions for women. (Author)

Information based on a longitudinal study indicates that white high school and college graduates earn more than white high school dropouts and that black high school graduates earn more than black high school dropouts. However, the base for the two groups is not the same and the prestige jobs available to each is different. Also, the long-run…

Jobs differ widely in the ability, educational level, and other attributes they require of workers. This article provides a table that lists 16 characteristics of jobs, such as education required and salary level, and shows each characteristic's relation to more than 250 individual occupations. (Author/SSH)

The authors examine youth unemployment in a changing economy and suggest that vocational education will play a key role in helping students gain purposeful employment in the future. They discuss various causes of youth unemployment and the impact that technological changes will have on young workers. (CT)

The net effect on employment of structural changes now occurring in the United States will be determined by the actions that government, management, and labor take to create and support the conditions for new opportunity and to encourage people to move from old to new work. Many of the measures that need to be taken to ensure profitability involve…