Black and white counselors in South Africa live in legally predetermined separate worlds highly charged with emotion. Professional neutrality in such a circumstance would be a myth. Counselors are charged on ethical grounds to address the effects on the client and themselves of the socio-political condition. Failure to do so, even at that level,…

Discusses the role confusion early intervention counselors in South Africa are likely to face, urging a distinction between disciplinary counseling and developmental counseling. Addresses particularly the black counselor's role in South Africa's caregiving system, highlighting the importance of issues of cultural diversity and sensitivity. (EV)

Discusses the requirements of culturally competent practice with African-American social service clients. Notes that ethnic identity, differential levels of cultural assimilation, social class, and cultural values affect the provision of clinical services in family foster care. Examines possible points of stress between African-American case…