The modern sports spectacular contains all the necessary elements of symbolic rite, and the public's behavior patterns during large-scale athletic events dramatically illustrate a ritualistic enactment of social and cultural power struggles via vicarious participation. (LH)

Examines the dominant cultural values of sport and their global diffusion and raises questions as to the degree the process is, or can be, resisted. Argues that the growth of television and the consequent growth of sponsorship has led to a challenge to the traditional amateur paternalist sport authorities from commercial entrepreneurship. (SRT)

Five articles discuss aspects of municipal cultural activity in Finland, including legislation, the adult education system, administrative cooperation, municipal recreational services, and changes in public library services. (SK)