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A Strong Inference Approach to Causal Factors in Foreign Language Learning: A Response to MacIntyre.

Sparks, Richard L.; Ganschow, Leonore – Modern Language Journal, 1995
This article responds to MacIntyre's (1995) critique of the Linguistic Coding Differences Hypothesis (LCDH), which posits that language aptitude is the primary source of individual differences in foreign language (FL) achievement. It defends the LCDH and suggests that difficulties exist with theories that attribute affective and social context…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Anxiety, Criticism, Individual Differences

MacIntyre, Peter D. – Modern Language Journal, 1995
This article responds to Sparks and Ganschow's (1995) defense of their Linguistic Coding Differences Hypothesis (LCDH), arguing that the LCDH ignores the context in which language learning occurs. It asserts that LCDH is so focused on the learning of the sound system of language that it ignores affective variables. (22 references) (MDM)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Anxiety, Criticism, Individual Differences