Discusses the history of health care services in prisons and the difficulties in providing prison medical services today. Indicates that prison nurses require more than just traditional nursing skills. (JOW)

Offers a cultural bridge model that would enhance the health care of the American Indian population. Suggests that transcultural nursing should transcend the realm of thought and become an integrated part of daily practice. (Author)

Discusses the history of health care in Latin America in the twentieth century. Indicates that nurses provide most of the health care and that there is a need to enhance the nursing education programs in Latin America. (JOW)

Focuses on the importance of nurses working to expand service delivery in schools by highlighting the crisis that exists in the current health care and school systems and by describing efforts and challenges in the development of comprehensive school-based programs. (Author)

Primary health care goes beyond the individual focus of primary care to build interventions for improved health for the entire population. It embodies these principles: equitable distribution, appropriate technology, focus on promotion and prevention, community participation, and a multisectoral approach. (SK)

Nursing educators are torn between producing graduates who are employable in the health care marketplace and educating nurses who are capable of transforming the health care system. One way to resolve this conflict is to make caring a core value in the hidden curriculum--the way students are taught to think and feel as nurses. (Author)

Aspects of the development of medical and nursing education make primary health care just one of medicine's specialities when it is actually the essence of the nursing profession. The author contends that primary care as an academic discipline within nursing is really the general discipline and should be so conceptualized. (MF)

Although schools are becoming the logical sites for the provision of primary health care for children, certain questions need to be answered: How will these services be financed? How prepared are school nurses for an expanded role? How will these programs be designed and organized? (CT)

Offers practice models for community-based nursing and community health nursing that demonstrate the different roles, philosophies, and activities of the two approaches. Points to curriculum changes that are needed to prepare students to practice in an increasingly community-oriented health care industry. (Author)

The fact that ethics has become important to nurses is a reflection of two types of developments: (1) rapid expansion and application of biomedical technology, and (2) the human rights movement. Therefore, nursing involves an increasing number of activities with both moral and technical implications. (SSH)

Nurses should not be too optimistic about the future of nursing. Problems still exist: government regulations which limit nurses' direct access to clients and physicians' views of nurses' abilities. Nurses must explore their current roles and propose new structures to enhance the nurses' impact on the health care system. (CT)

Problems in the community health middle management role are explored. Sources of role ambiguity (bureaucratic role discrepancy, professional role discrepancy, performance role discrepancy) are examined. The advantages of the creation of a holistic-oriented environment also are discussed. (CT)

It is important that nurses, particularly those who consider themselves community health nursing specialists, assign a high priority to participation in the formation of health policy and broader public policy. To put subsequent remarks about policy into perspective, it is useful to consider the case for seeing community health nursing as…

Posits that students in public health nursing must be well grounded in nursing theory and practice before planning for group health care. Discusses curriculum planning and content, roles and functions of master's program graduates, faculty-agency relationships, and clinical research. (JOW)

Different roles for nurses and various definitions of nursing have been described, but the knowledge and concepts essential to nursing are already defined by the nature of human beings. Nursing curricula must reflect a more logical organization of biological, psychological, and sociological nursing and promote the ability to perceive…