This study argues for a new theory in school management based on the notion of positive containment which benefited from the integration of the main two patterns of leadership, i.e., the democratic and the authoritarian. In this theory, the school principal has to deal with one external and five internal circles of positive containments. The…

A school can be an educational opportunity for mentally retarded citizens only if its teachers and learners can decide together on such things as the purposes toward which activities are directed, the means of reaching them, and the subject matter to be used in stimulating thinking. (Author/NQ)

The importance of an educational approach to the mentally retarded is that it forces professionals to perceive the mentally retarded as those who develop slowly, but could advance more rapidly if everything were appropriate in their environment. (Author/BRR)

States open education results from an educational philosophy (not spatial manipulation), whereby the whole child may be developed mentally, emotionally, and socially. Suggests inherent advantages of the self-contained classroom provide a viable environment for open education. (AH)

Sees the school prayer movement as a threat to both academic and religious freedom. Describes how the mere existence of school-sponsored prayer, regardless of the wording in the prayer, corrupts both the school and the act of prayer. (Author/NEC)

There is a dearth of literature on multicultural aspects of play therapy, particularly for Mexican-American children. According to Landreth (2002), it is of utmost importance that children be able to communicate in a way that is most natural to them. The literature currently reflects a playroom based mostly on middle class European-American…

A classroom floor plan, conforming to theoretically equable features (line of sight bearings, expanding/concentrically diminishing wave forms, vectors proportionate, "time") is presented to show that an equable state exists but is entirely theoretical and as a reminder that different options can exist without diminishing the basic human…

Teachers' philosophy of education influences classroom atmosphere; their ability to help pupils develop a wholesome climate for effective learning is an important contribution to guidance. A look at curriculum and instructional processes may help teachers with classroom discipline. (MH)

A balanced triad among students, teachers, and curriculum, with each consisting of three equally supportive components, is shown to be the most important foundation for learning. Teacher components are self-esteem, superiors, autonomy; student components are peers, parents, motivation; curriculum components are design, materials, pedagogy. (MH)

If real growth is not made in teacher attitude and training and in institutional structural change to enhance the quality of interaction between "mainstreamed" students and "normal" students, mainstreaming will fail. (Author/LC)

Describes the insecure, control-hungry personality often found in principals and the dependent personality often found in their faculties. Explains how these two personalities affect a school and its students, who can learn freedom and independence only from a free and independent teacher. (SB)

The right of schools to stress moral education must be decided by the entire school community, including the school board, administrators, teachers, and parents. Implications for administrators are the burden of providing a sound moral environment; transmitting morals, values and attitudes; and dealing with censorship groups. (Author)